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Green Hydrogen

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  • Welcome to Green Hydrogen!

    • Green hydrogen is a key element for a sustainable energy supply. In this learning arrangement you'll learn about the production, transportation, storage and use of green hydrogen. Let´s start!
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  • The Importance of Hydrogen

     

    Aspects of Hydrogen in the face of climate change
    Chapter I - The Importance of Hydrogen in the face of Climate Change and Energy Transition von Fabian Carels, HOOU (CC BY)

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Hydrogen is considered a great hope for the successful implementation of the energy transition and the complete shift away from fossil fuels. Politicians, scientists and industry players generally agree that hydrogen can be used in a wide range of applications - and in some cases must be used to achieve ambitious climate protection goals. These considerations focus in particular on green hydrogen, which is produced in a climate-neutral way.

    In this teaching module, the complete hydrogen value chain is discussed. Before the technical details of hydrogen supply and the possible applications are explained, this chapter will look at the background and motivation behind the efforts to establish hydrogen as a sustainable energy carrier of the future. The first two sections of this chapter therefore deal with climate change. It will be explained why the earth's climate is changing due to human activities, what the consequences of climate change are/will be and why it is necessary to reduce climate change to a minimum. The third and final section deals with the energy transition. It will be shown how far the energy transition has progressed in the various sectors, where there are still challenges to solve and what role hydrogen can play in this.

    The contents of this chapter are supplemented by lectures of the renowned scientists Prof. Dr. Moijb Latif (topic: The need of greenhouse gas reduction to avoid dangerous climate change) and Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Kaltschmitt (topic: Greenhouse gas emissions from the energy system – Status and prospects).

     

  • 2. Production of Green Hydrogen

    Chapter selection: The production of Green Hydrogen
    Chapter II - The Production of Green Hydrogen by Fabian Carels, HOOU (CC BY)

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    In the first chapter, you learned why human-induced climate change threatens our future, what we can do to mitigate these changes and what role hydrogen may play in this. In the following chapters you will now learn and receive detailed information about hydrogen. The teaching module is oriented towards the value chain of hydrogen and follows it from production to use as an energy source.

     

    This chapter starts by summarising the most important facts on Hydrogen and Different Hydrogen Production Methods and comparing them regarding their respective CO2 emissions. Afterwards, the special role of green hydrogen for the success of the energy transition and the reduction of greenhouse gases will be discussed in more detail. In an excursus, the basics of generating electricity from Renewable Energies – the raw material for green hydrogen production - are presented. The last section focusses on technical details of Green Hydrogen Prodcution via Electrolysis. Comparisons between different electrolysis technologies are made and several examples of electrolysers in operation or planning stage in Northern Germany are displayed.
    The contents of this chapter are supplemented by lectures of experts from practice and science: 
    • Stefan Müller; Enerparc AG - Status of PV Power Generation of large scale power plants
    • Prof. Dr.-Ing. Andreas Reuter; Frauenhofer-Institute for Wind Energy Systems - Onshore wind power generation technology – Status and prospects
    • Prof. Dr. Andreas Friedrich; German Aerospace Center (DLR) - Hydrogen production from electricity – Technological overview

     

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      2.1 Hydrogen and different Hydrogen Production models Book

      This chapter provides an overview of hydrogen and its role in mitigating climate change. It covers different methods of hydrogen production and compares their CO2 emissions. The importance of green hydrogen in the energy transition and greenhouse gas reduction is discussed, along with the basics of generating electricity from renewable sources for green hydrogen production. The chapter also explores technical details of green hydrogen production via electrolysis, including comparisons of electrolysis technologies and examples of electrolysers in operation or planned in Northern Germany.

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      2.2 Renewable Energies Book
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      2.3 Green Hydrogen Production via Electrolysis Book

  • 3. Transportation and Storage of Hydrogen

    Chapter III Selection: The Transportation and Storage of Hydrogen
    Chapter III - The Transportation and Storage of Hydrogen by Fabian Carels, HOOU (CC BY-SA)

    Whether oil tankers and gas pipelines or batteries, power lines and pumped storage power plants... Storage and transport are central elements of a stable, reliable energy supply, regardless of the form (solid, liquid, gas, electricity) of the energy carrier.

    In this chapter, you will get to know why storage and transport play a particularly important role when it comes to integrating green hydrogen into the energy system. You will learn how and in what forms hydrogen can be stored and transported, what challenges arise and how they can be overcome. You will also see, using the example of some selected projects in northern Germany, where the development of a storage and transport infrastructure for hydrogen is already underway. 

    The contents of this chapter are supplemented by lectures of experts from practice and science:  
    • Prof. Dr. Michael Fröba; Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, University of Hamburg - Hydrogen storage options – Possibilities and their assessment
    • Dr. Julian Jepsen; Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Center Geesthacht - Hydrogen storage in metal hydrides
    • Lucas Sens; Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics, Hamburg University of Technology - Hydrogen supply chains – Options and their assessment

     

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      3.1 Necessity to Store and Transport Hydrogen Book

      The storage and transport of energy are generally required to compensate differences in time and space between production and demand. In principle, this is true for all energy carriers, but storage and transport are of special importance in the context of green hydrogen. There are two main reasons for this, which are briefly explained in the following.

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      3.2 Hydrogen Storage Book
      This chapter discusses the options for storing hydrogen, categorized as physical and material-based methods. The graph illustrates the volumetric and gravimetric energy densities achieved by different storage methods. Compressed gaseous hydrogen and liquid hydrogen are explored, along with underground storage facilities. Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs) and metal hydrides are also mentioned as potential storage options.
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      3.3 Hydrogen Transportation Book
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      3.4 Hydrogen Supply Chains Book

  • 4. Use of Hydrogen

    Chapter IV Selection: The Use of Hydrogen
    Chapter IV - The Use of Hydrogen by Fabian Carels, HOOU (CC BY)

    If international climate protection goals are to be achieved, fossil energy sources will have to be almost completely replaced by greenhouse gas-neutral energy sources within the next few decades. In addition to the use of biomass and the direct use of renewable electricity, green hydrogen will most likely play a central role in the substitution of fossil energy carriers. 

    In this chapter, you will get to know the areas of application in which green hydrogen can replace fossil fuels in the future. The various applications are classified into the three sectors: "Mobility", "Industry" as well as "Electricity and Heat". After the description of the possible applications, the last section of this chapter discusses in which of these use cases the timely deployment of hydrogen is particularly reasonable and realistic.

    The contents of this chapter are supplemented by lectures of experts from practice:
    Claudio Schwalfenberg; E-Cap Mobility - Integrating Hydrogen in Commercial Vehicles - Examples, Solutions, Challenges
    Maximilian von Bose;  Alstom Transport Deutschland GmbH - Hydrogen driven train – A way forward?

     

  • Wrap-Up

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      Flat applause by Freepik (CC BY)

      Concratulations!

      You have arrived at the end of the learning offer and thus end your journey in this topic.

      Great that you made it this far! I hope you were able to take a lot of exciting new information with you from this learning opportunity, broaden your horizons and learn something new.

      At the same time, of course, I also hope that you had fun dealing with the content.

    • that's what you've learned

      You got a comprehensive overview of the background of the discussion about the use of green hydrogen as an energy carrier.

      You built up knowledge regarding the technological basics of green hydrogen and it's production.

      You understand the connections between hydrogen and renewable energies in future, sustainable energy systems.